行为动词 即实义动词,表示动作的动词.它分为及物动词和不及物动词两种.实义动词有完全的词义,并能独立做谓语动词. (1)及物动词 后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词,叫做及物动词(transitive verb).如: I believe that the committee will consider our suggestion.我相信委员会将会考虑我们的建议. “How long can I keep the book ?”Harry asked.哈里问:“这本书我可以借多久?” Dr. Bethune set us a good example. 白求恩大夫给我们树立了好榜样. Crude oil contains many useful substances.原油含有许多有用的物质.
(2)不及物动词 本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词,叫做不及物动词(intransitive verb).如: It happened in June 1932. My watch stopped. (3)兼作及物动词和不及物动词 英语里有不少实义动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词.这样的动词又有两种不同的情况: a)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时,意义不变.试比较: Shall I begin at once?我可以立刻开始吗?(begin作不及物动词) She began working as a librarian after she left school..(began作及物动词) When did they leave Chicago?(leave 作及物动词) They left last week. 他们是上周离开的.(left 作不及物动词) b)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时,有时意义不尽相同.如: Wash your hands before meals. Does this cloth wash well?